Custom Essay

Directions:
Please read first and then respond/answer to their questions in a simple paragraph to each one bellow (separate) #1 through #5
SUBSTANTIVE 1 full paragraph on each of the responses (separately)
• Greet a specific student or a group of fellow students by name.
• Put key concepts in own words and provide unique examples
•Add substantive information, asks meaningful questions to peers and provides substantive responses
•Draw insightful conclusions that are thoroughly defended
Write responses that can be easily understood and are clear and concise
• Clearly identify the source of information and evidence that you do use.
• Include detail from our text and common reading as evidence for what you have to say (Remember that others will need to draw on our readings, too, so only use just

enough information from our readings to make your point clearly).

#1. Professor,

Class, this week we will be learning about multiple regression analysis and its uses in real life. Multiple regression analysis is based on the assumptions of

linearity and normality. However, the multiple regression analysis is limited to the fact that it can only ascertain relationships without necessary providing the causal mechanism for the given relationship. Multiple regression deals with several independent variables at the same time, making it more difficult to fit the

straight line to all of the data points.
Class, what are some of the applications that you have used multiple regression analysis in real life applications (school, work, research, etc)?

#2. Donna,
The article I chose for this week’s discussion of multiple linear regression is the effects of military preparedness and its effects on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

(PTSD) for service members who have been deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan.
The study included a sample of 418 veterans who had been deployed to either Iraq or Afghanistan. The study showed a negative correlation between military preparedness

and an increase in PTSD and when the service member was deployed more than one time and an even stronger correlation when the service member’s combat exposure increased. The study further suggested that combat units that had greater cohesiveness were less susceptible to PTSD, unless the unit was exposed to high levels of

combat. The study goes on to say that active duty service members had less PTSD symptoms than reservists. This would relate to active duty service members having greater preparedness training and a greater cohesiveness among the unit than reservists.
Personally, I believe any profession, military, police, fire, first responders, etc. who has a high likely-hood of witnessing horrific events should receive PTSD preparedness training. Furthermore, I think that if anyone is witness to such an event they should receive counseling immediately.
#3. Ammon,
As a former baseball player and a fan of the recently released movie that was an adaptation of a recently released book Moneyball, I found what I thought was a very interesting article regarding a regression analysis to determine different things in Major League Baseball.
In his study, Houser uses regression analysis to test three different hypotheses. The hypotheses are: Teams with higher win totals will have better offensive statistics. Team with better offensive statistics will have higher payroll figures. OBP (on-base percentage) will be the best statistic in determining team wins.

(Houser, n.d.) Team statistics for every team in the MLB from 2000-2004 was used to test the above theories.
For the purposes of this discussion, I will point out some of Houser’s most interesting findings. First of all, batting average, one of the most common measurements in all of baseball, had a negative relationship with wins. Conventional wisdom would tell you otherwise, since it would make sense that teams with higher batting averages

would win more games. Also interesting was the fact that payroll had absolutely no relationship at all to wins. (Houser, n.d.) In conclusion, the stats that show the highest correlation to win totals and overall team performance were on-base percentage (measurement of how often someone reaches base when they bat) and WHIP (a

pitching metric that measures the number of walks and hits given up on average per inning pitched). (Houser, n.d.)
#4. Jon, With regards to the relational aspect of the stakeholder association with business, the two articles chosen to compare were both taken from the Journal of Business

Ethics on managing stakeholders. The first of these articles, “Stakeholder Management Capability: A Discourse-Theoretical Approach,” deals with the foundational principles that must be present in stakeholder management. The article breaks this down into three distinct phases. These phases are the stakeholder mapping to achieve

mutual understanding, overcoming gaps between discourse and practice, and that transactional involvement with stakeholders must be viewed from a moral point of view (Zakhem, 2008). These phases will help to develop a practice for managing stakeholder for a win-win relationship.
The second article, “A Stakeholder Approach to Corporate Social Responsibility: A Fresh Perspective into Theory and Practice, “ deals with the definition of Corporate

Social Responsibility (CSR) and its different meaning among different experts (Jamali, 2008). According to some quoted in the article CSR may mean more about stakeholder relations than helping society in general. The article further explored the motivation behind stakeholder relations depending on the current goals of the

organization. In addition, the article listed out several examples of the business practices that organizations may use in relating to different groups of stakeholders.
While both articles touch on stakeholder relations, the first article deals more with the phases of effective stakeholder management and the second article speaks more about the motivation behind stakeholder relations.
#5. Leah,
This article speaks on Stakeholder Management Capability (SMC). Under SMC managers create mapping which identifies stakeholders perceived states, align organizational processes and goals to reflect stakeholder expectations, and bargain with stakeholders when competing interest surface. The article also speaks about Habermas’ concept

of communication practices and the need for stakeholder management to be handled from a moral point of view (Zaklem, 2007).
Undivided Corporate Responsibly: Towards a Theory of Corporate Integrity
In this article Dr. Thomas Maak makes a point that CSR is a poor term for defining social responsibilities of a corporation. Main reasons that Maak deems CSR as a poor choice lay within the historical baggage and un-clarity of the term, ethical instrumentalism/hypocrisy, and corporate ethical challenges that span further than social
responsibilities within the range of corporate responsibility. According to Maak a better term for CSR would be corporate integrity which would include the corporation’s 7 C’s (commitment, conduct, content, context, consistency, coherence, and continuity) (Maak, 2008). Maak states “integrity is quite possibly the biggest

asset a corporation can have” (Maak, p.365, 2008). As such the idea of corporate integrity would provide a better umbrella term than CSR which speaking of corporate social and responsibility actions while meeting and raising expectations from stakeholders. Since corporations are tasked with challenges within social, environmental,

ethical, humanitarian, and political areas, it’s ever more important to engage stakeholders in analysis and strategic solution developments. Maak states that “good stakeholder relationships are key to organizational viability and success” (Maak, p.357, 2008).
Stakeholders should be considered as a valuable asset when it comes to CSR activities and moral issues. As such, both articles express the importance of treating stakeholders morally and how to get the most from current stakeholders. Companies would do good to understand that satisfied stakeholders benefit the company and creating win-win situations are crucial to success.